RE: Would Western Women be just as bad even w/o modern contraception?
The Roman Empire:
You can find a hundred different theories for why it fell, but I don't think you'll find one specific causative reason. I think one influences the other which then influences the first. Insofar as the Empire's destruction is concerned, I tend to focus on large scale economic and military factors. The Empire's integrity principally came from its legions and their ability to hold back those on its borders. Therefore, dilute the strength of the legions, whether by their composition or by stretching them too thin along a border too long to defend, and you dilute the security of the Empire generally. The more you dilute the Empire's security, the more your economy has to compensate by either buttressing that weakness or dealing with internal problems that result from that lack of security.
For me the most significant one single event that tells us the Empire was on its way down was the Edict of Caracalla in 212 AD, about 250 years ahead of the sacking of Rome. By this edict, all free men in the Roman Empire became Roman citizens, and all free women had the same rights as Roman women. The principal reason for this, according to Cassius Dio, was to increase the taxation base in order to pay the legions. At the same time, Caracalla was also debasing the currency in order to pay for them as well.
But this measure was a penny wise and a pound foolish, because up to this point service in the Roman army was one of the only ways one could attain Roman citizenship if you weren't born into it. At a stroke, Caracalla removed any real impetus for a non-citizen to serve (and indeed only Roman citizens could be forced to serve in the Roman army) and thereby guaranteed the Roman Army would have to take the worst of its citizenry rather than the best. The Army started to have recruitment problems from the third century, which is around the time the Empire also went into its terminal decline. In addition, while Caracalla might have increased the tax base by making everyone in the Empire a citizen, in real terms he probably didn't actually increase his take - because that tax base still needed an administration to collect the tax and ferry it back to Rome. And debasement of the currency caused high inflation, which in turn created massive unemployment.
Women had attained a somewhat stronger place in society, but in general the society by the time of the Empire's fall had hit a high point in degeneracy. Put it this way, Augustus, when Christ was alive, had to put in bachelor taxes in order to promote marriage, and that was five hundred years before the Empire fell. The Empire's later problems and degeneracy were in part due to the economic problem: remember how I said high unemployment crept up when they debased the currency? Well, if the thousands of unemployed Romans became bored this led to civil unrest and rioting in the streets. The 'Mob' needed to be amused - spectacular gladiatorial games had to be provided. The cost of the gladiatorial games was borne by the Emperors, and therefore the state, and corrupt politicians who sponsored the games to curry favour and support with the 'Mob'. The cost of the gladiatorial games eventually came to one third of the total income of the Roman Empire.
But when we're talking degeneracy, we're talking degeneracy raised to a high art. Ethics and values had already been eroded away, but the decline in morals, especially in the rich upper classes, nobility and the emperors, had a devastating impact on the Romans. Adultery, orgies, you name it. Emperors such as Tiberius kept groups of young boys for his pleasure; Nero committed incest, and had a male slave castrated so he could take him as his wife; Elagabalus forced a Vestal Virgin into marriage; Commodus with his harems of concubines enraged Romans by sitting in the theatre or at the games dressed in a woman's garments. The decline in morals also affected the lower classes and slaves. Religious festivals such as Saturnalia and Bacchanalia where sacrifices, ribald songs, lewd acts and sexual promiscuity were practised. Bestiality was exhibited in the Colosseum arena to amuse the mob. Brothels and forced prostitution flourished.
Contraception:
One of the interesting factoids about contraception is what happened to the abortion rate after it was introduced. One of the main arguments was that contraception would stop or stem abortion. The reality indicated otherwise: abortion rates actually skyrocketed after the Pill was first licenced, although given that was around the same time as Roe v. Wade it's hard to say whether it's the court case or the contraception that prompted it.
If contraception had not come along and abortion had remained illegal, I think things would be entirely different. Birth rates would be higher, for one thing, and marriage rates also likely higher and marriage ages much younger. That said, women with the vote would never have allowed abortion to remain illegal for long.
Remissas, discite, vivet.
God save us from people who mean well. -storm
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